Why is evolution considered a unifying theory of biology?

Evolution is regarded as a unifying theory of biology because it provides a comprehensive framework that explains not only the diversity of life but also the interconnections among various organisms. Through evolution, we understand how species adapt to their environments over time, leading to a vast array of forms and functions that we observe today. This theory encompasses the principles of natural selection, genetic variation, and common descent, which collectively illustrate how all living organisms are related through shared ancestry.

The concept of evolution connects various biological disciplines, such as genetics, ecology, and paleontology, allowing scientists to study life processes and relationships from a holistic perspective. By understanding the evolutionary relationships among species, we can better grasp the complexity of ecosystems and the importance of biodiversity in maintaining healthy environments. This interconnectedness highlights why evolution is central to the study of biology as a whole, affecting everything from conservation efforts to medical research.