Which of the following statements about eukaryotic cells is true?

Eukaryotic cells are characterized by their complex structure, which includes a well-defined nucleus that houses their genetic material, as well as a variety of membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes. This complexity allows for compartmentalization of cellular processes, enabling more efficient metabolism and specialization of functions within the cell.

In contrast, prokaryotic cells, which are much simpler in structure, lack a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. This structural complexity of eukaryotic cells is fundamental to the diversity of life forms they represent, including plants, animals, fungi, and many protists. The presence of these organelles means that eukaryotic cells can carry out cellular respiration, photosynthesis, and other vital processes more effectively than prokaryotic cells.

Understanding this complexity helps highlight the evolutionary advancements in eukaryotic organisms compared to prokaryotes.